Fisioterapia en Animales Domésticos:
Physiotherapy in Domestic Animals: ¿Qué dice la evidencia?
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Introducción: la medicina veterinaria, es un campo de conocimiento que integra diversas áreas profesionales para su desarrollo, es así como se ha reportado evidencia en relación a la participación de fisioterapeutas en procesos de rehabilitación de animales que presentan algún tipo de patología que afecte su funcionalidad. Objetivo: realizar una revisión de la literatura con relación a las intervenciones fisioterapéuticas realizadas en perros y gatos con alteraciones osteomusculares y neuromusculares. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión de la literatura, búsqueda en bases de datos como: Ebsco, Pedro, Hinari, Elsevier, Science Direct, Springer y Medline que contemplaran los siguientes criterios de inclusión: estudios publicados del año 2000 al 2016, literatura con los siguientes términos DeCS: dogs, cats, veterinary medicine, rehabilitation, animals. Resultados: se obtuvo información en relación a la intervención fisioterapéutica en perros y gatos, se ha reportado el uso de agentes físicos para el tratamiento de lesiones agudas a través de modalidades como crioterapia, termoterapia, ultrasonido y electroestimulación ; el uso de estos agentes físicos ayuda al manejo de dolor, disminución del edema, aumento del rango movimiento y reducción de la espasticidad, además de eso se reporta que el ejercicio terapéutico y terapia manual tienen efectos significativos en el retorno a las actividades de la vida diaria de estos animales. Conclusiones: la fisioterapia en animales está indicada para procesos agudos y crónicos como lesiones osteomusculares y neuromusculares, esta se realiza a través de medios físicos y ejercicio terapéutico enfocándose en actividades funcionales de movimiento.
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