Design and construction of a physiotherapeutic guide for the prescription of exercise based on nutritional parameters of adult patients in the intensive care unit Diseño y construcción de una guía fisioterapéutica para la prescripción del ejercicio basada en parámetros nutricionales de pacientes adultos en unidad de cuidados intensivos

Abstract

Given the physiological conditions faced by an adult patient in an intensive care unit and the impact that these alterations have on the neurological, cardiopulmonary, integumentary and musculoskeletal systems, the importance of nutritional support as a therapeutic tool that will help reverse metabolic alterations, which will be the basis for starting physical exercise. An adequate physiotherapeutic intervention means that the Physiotherapy professional in the ICU estimates the nutritional parameters within their evaluation, as an essential determinant when prescribing physical exercise, with the purpose of carrying out the activity safely, without generating a risk. caloric consumption higher than the pre-established one and not cause more physiological alterations, hence the creation of a physiotherapeutic guide that relates the variables of nutrition and physical exercise is proposed. Due to the clinical circumstances of the patient in intensive care and his evolutionary time, it is important to mention the phases that the patient goes through and how nutrition and physical exercise behave in each of them; Nutritional parameters are related and physical exercise provides benefits to both the patient, the professional and the health institution, with the purpose of reducing morbidity and mortality rates, prolonged stay in the ICU and hospital costs.